diff --git a/src/vws/reports.py b/src/vws/reports.py
index 1767a812..007a0d44 100644
--- a/src/vws/reports.py
+++ b/src/vws/reports.py
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ class TargetRecord:
 
 
 @beartype
-@dataclass(frozen=True)
+@dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
 class TargetData:
     """The target data optionally included with a query match."""
 
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class TargetData:
 
 
 @beartype
-@dataclass(frozen=True)
+@dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
 class QueryResult:
     """One query match result.
 
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ def from_response_dict(cls, response_dict: dict[str, Any]) -> Self:
 
 
 @beartype
-@dataclass(frozen=True)
+@dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
 class TargetStatusAndRecord:
     """The target status and a target record.